File



SePt- 10, 1929-I B. ANDERSON 1,727,853

FILE

Filed Sept. l, 1927 Patented Sept. 10, yi929.

BERNHARD ANDERSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

FILE.

Application filed September 1, 1927. Serial No. 216,859, i

My invention relates to iiling tools and its object is the provisionof agenerally improved iile that will shave, rather' than chip oii thematerial and which will operate 'faster and smoother, without gatheringthe material and which will not till up with or burn the material whichis removed.

The tile or the present invention is particularly adapted for metalworking and lathe work, but it is to be understood that 'the inventionis not limited to a particular purpose, but it may be employed as andwhere desired.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. l is a perspective view of a le embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged transverse section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig.1;

Fig. 3 is a bottom view of another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. l is a side elevational view, partially in section, of theembodiment shown in Fig. 8,

Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken on the line 5 5 oi' Fig. 4; and

Fig. 6 is a plan view of another embodiment.

Referring to the drawing the tiles shown in Figs. l and 2 are or' theflat faced type comprising a suitable metal, usually steel, body 5 ofgenerally rectangular section with the opposite generally orsubstantially par allel faces 6 and 7 and the opposite edges 8 and 9.The body 5 is usually of tapering width, as shown, although its widthmay be uniform and the particular' shape and form of the body may bevaried widely. The iile as shown is commonly known as a cotter-ile, whenlarge, or a verge-tile, when small, but it is to be understood that theshowing is inere-y ly illustrative and the invention may be einbodied inany other desired type of file. For example, in Fig. 6, the invention isshown as embodied in a round tile, with the teeth 10 ldisposedlongitudinally.

According to the present invention the teeth l which may be provided'ineither one or both of the faces 6 and 7, extend longitudinally of thebody instead 0i transversely, thereacross, as before. These teeth may beyformed in any suitable or preferred manner,

as for example, by suitable die means or in a Shaper or otherwise, asdesired and they are disposed generally or substantially parallel thelength or longitudinal dimension of t-he body 5, preferably inclinedthereto, as shown, this inclination being preferably relatively slightand substantially as indicated or vsuch as would be the equivalentthereof and produce substantially the `same results. In the claims whereI refer to generally or substantially longitudinal teeth I intendthereby to cover or include the longitudinal inclination shown and anyequivalent inclination of the teeth.

I find that by forming the teethr in this manner the le will abradeoroperate quicker and smoother and with less eliort. I find that where theteeth are formed in this manner as distinguished from the transverse oroblique ridges or teeth, as now provided the file shaves, rather thanchips oilq the material in operation. rlhe oblique ridges or teeth nowin use may be said to be inclined to the transverse dimension asdistinguished from the slight longitudinal inclination of the presentinvention. l/Vith the lengthwise or lon-y gitudinal direction oftheteeth l0 I find that the iledoes not gather or fill up with chips andthat there is no such burning ofthe chips or work, such as now resultswhere chips collect or gather and rub across the work in the operationof the iile, due to the transverse direction of the teeth across thework rather than generally parallel with the saine as in the presentinvention.

The teeth may be shaped in cross section substantially as shown, orotherwise as desired and although shown in .both faces and A'l' they maybe formed in one face only with `the other face blank or differentlyformed as desired. Itis to be understood that the teeth kmay vbe cut orotherwisesuitably formed iny the work in a lathe and moved crosswise andmay operate on one place or one portion of the iile without thelengthwise movement necessary with the cross toothed file now in use andunder such conditions the file will produce a quicker and smootherfinish without filling up or gathering the material which is removed.

ln the embodiment shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 the teeth 12 again extendlengthwise or longitudinally of the file body 13 preferably with arelatively slight longitudinal inclination, as shown. ln this case thetile body 13 is relatively short and a holder designated generally at 14is provided. The relatively short length of the body 13 facilitates theformation ofthe teeth 12, the section of which may be as before orotherwise as desired and any problem. of making the longitudinal l`teethsubstantially parallel over a relatively greatlength is avoided. rlhepossibility of irregularities may be avoided and the desired formationof the teeth may be provided in the previous embodiment of theinvention.

"file body 13 is beveled or inclined 13 for interlocking engagement withthe complementary inclined end 19 of a strip or clamping piece 20riveted or otherwise rigidly attached at 21 to the blade 15. Theopposite end of the file body 15 is beveled or inclined at 22 forinterlocking engagement with the complementary inclined end 23 of aclamping piece 24 which has a stud 25 passing throughV a longitudinallyelongated slot 26 in the blade 15 with a finger or wing nutr 27 threadedupon the stud 26 upon the opposite sideV of the blade 15. The nut-s 27may be conveniently clamped with the linger and by loosening it theclamping piece 24 is slidable to release the file 13 for removal. VVhenthe file is replaced the nut 27 is released andthe piece 24 moved toreceive the file between it and the stationary clamping piece 2Owhereupon the beveled end 23 of the piece 24 is moved into engagementwith the beveled end 22 of the filebody 13 and the nut 27 is tightenedfirmly and rigidly binding the file in place upon the blade 15. y

For holding the file in p ace upon rotating lathe work designated, moreor less illustratively, in dotted lines at 30 the blade 15 may beprovided with a stop 32. The stop 32 shown is of angular4 formation witha leg 33 adapted to cooperate with or engage the work at 34 to hold thelile in position thereon. The other leg 35 of the stop 32 has a stud 36which passes through the longitudinally elongated slot 37 in the blade15 with a wing or linger nut 38 threaded upon the stud 36 upon theopposite side of the blade 15. By

loosening the nut 38 the stop may be adjusted longitudinally of theholder to change the place of operation of the le on theworli, that is afresh portion of the cutting surface of the lile may be thereby broughtinto position for cooperation with the work and by tightening the nut-38 the stop 32 may be again firmly and rigidly secured in place.

Vilhere l refer in the claims to the teeth of the iile extendinggenerally parallel with the opposite sides l mean thereby the eX-tension in the general direction of the sides and between the ends ofthe bar without the extension from one side to the other as heretofore.Such relatively slight angular disposition to these sides as shown andany equivalent thereof are intended to be included within thisterminology so long as the teeth extend in the general direction of thesid -s and from one end to the other without nding between the sides.

l claim: y

1. its an article of manufacture a file compri, ing a body having aworking surface and operable by longitudinal movement relative sait`surface and teeth formed in said surface ant extending' generallylongitudinally of the lile body at such an angle that said teeth n oneend of the working surface to the opposite end of said surface generallyparallel with the opp site longitudinal sides `slightly to thelongitudinal dimension of the file7 said file being operable bylongitudinal movement relative said surface and said teeth being at suchan angle as to extend from one end of theV working surface to theopposite end ofsaid surface generally parallel with the oppositelongitudinal sides of said working surface and without extending betweenthe sides of said surface.

3. ln combination, a file holder, a relatively short file carriedthereby and teeth in llO

